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lt is caused by Hepatitis C Virus (HCV). Humans seems to be the sole source of infection, and inoculation with blood or blood products is the best recognized mode of transmission. Sexual and vertical spread (from mother to child at the time of birth) may occur. Chronic infection occurs in 70-80% of patients.

Hepatitis D Virus (HDV) is called incomplete virus as it requires HBV to multiply / grow and has the same sources and mode of spread as HBV.

lt is caused by Hepatitis E Virus which is excreted in the stools and spreads by the faecal oral route. It occurs where sanitation is poor and can cause large epidemics of water borne Hepatitis. It resembles acute Hepatitis A Virus infection and recovery is the rule. Chronic infection does not occur. Pregnant mothers with HEV infection are at particular risk to develop acute liver failure which is associated with high mortality. but again chronic infection does not occur.

Prevention

Prevention and Prognosis. No vaccine is available. Measures outlined for prevention of Hepatitis B also hold good for Hepatitis C. Many patients eventually develop Cirrhosis or Cancer of liver after 20-30 years of infection.

Hepatitis D is effectively prevented by preventing Hepatitis B.

No vaccine is available to prevent HEV infection. Improving social conditions especially poor sanitation and provision of potable water. Drinking water be sterilized by boiling for at least 10 minutes.

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